Technologies that contribute to reducing environmental impacts of electrical production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2006/v17i4a3204Keywords:
energy technology, environmental impacts, electrical production, energy consumption, research and developmentAbstract
The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) was attended by approximately 21 000 international delegates in Johannesburg, South Africa in 2002. The aim was to institute ecologically sound environmental management. Research has shown that fossil fuel or coal fired power plants are the major cause of air pollution in electricity generation. This paper seeks to show technologies that can contribute to reducing the environmental impacts of electricity production, via emission control systems, industry energy policy, renewable energy technologies etc. and the promotion of active research and development in alternative energy applications in Africa. Innovative energy technology research and development and applications such as smaller scale distributed generation and solid state lighting (SSL) are seen as capable of adding a positive contribution in this area.Downloads
References
Branscomb LM, 1997, Issues in Science and Technology,
Vol. 13, pp 41 48.
Davis GR, 1991, Energy for Planet Earth, WH Freeman
& Co, New York, pp 1-10.
David, J. and Herzog, H., 2000. ‘The cost of carbon capture’,
Fifth International Conference of Greenhouse
Gas Control Technologies, Cairns, Australia, August
pp13–16.
Drennen T, Haitz R and Tsao J, 2000, Transforming the Lighting Sector with Semiconductor Lighting
Technologies, USAEE/IAEE Annual Meetings,
Philadelphia, PA, pp 1-20.
Fuggle R, July 1989, Public participation in planning – Is
there enough? Landscape Southern Africa,
Holdren JP, 1999, Energy in transition, Readings from the
Scientific American: Energy for planet earth, WH
Freeman and Co, New York.
Hopper J, 1988, The World Bank’s challenge, Balancing
economic need with environmental protection, The
Environmentalist.
IEA, 1993, ‘Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 1990-
’, International Energy Agency, OECD Paris.
IEA, 2002. ‘Renewables Information 2002’. International
Energy Agency, OECD, Paris.
IPCC, 1996, ‘Climate Change 1995’; Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change;
Cambridge University Press, New York.
Kane RL, Fernau ME and South DW, 1991, Global
Climate change: A discussion of major uncertainties,
Proceedings of the American Power Conference 53rd
Annual Meeting, Vol. 53, April 29, pp 646-652.
Kendall M and Scholand M, 2001, ‘Energy Savings
Potential of SSL in General Lighting Applications’,
Final Report Prepared by Kendall M and Scholand M,
Arthur D. Little, Inc, Building Technology, State and
Community Programs Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy (U.S. Department of Energy
Project Manager: James R. Brodrick, Ph.D, April
.
Levine M, March 1993, Electricity end use efficiency:
experience with technologies, markets and policies
throughout the world, Annual Meeting of the Institute
of Electrical Engineers, Japan.
Morgan MG and Keith DW, 1995, Environmental Science
and Technology, Vol. 29, pp 468-476.
Peng FG, 2004, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics,
Vol. 19, No. 5.
Stallard GS and Ferguson AW, 1991, Addressing the challenges
of the new clean air act, Proceedings of the
American Power Conference 53rd Annual Meeting,
Vol. 53, April 29, pp 326-333.
Steigerwald DA, Bhat JC, Collins D, Fletcher RM, 2002,
‘Illumination with Solid State Lighting Technology’
,IEEE Journal on selected topics in Quantum
Electronics, Vol. 8 No 2.
Tagutchi T, 2001 ‘Light for the 21St Century Year 2000
Report of results’, The Japan Research and
Development Centre of Metals.
Wayachut J, 1993, ‘Power policy in Thailand: balancing
demand and supply constraints’, UN Seminar on
System Planning in the Power Sector.
World Bank, World Development Report, 1997, Oxford
University Press, New York.